The mangrove pitta ( Pitta megarhyncha) is a species of passerine bird in the family Pittidae native to the eastern Indian Subcontinent and western Southeast Asia. It is part of a superspecies where it is placed with the Indian pitta, the fairy pitta and the blue-winged pitta but has no recognized subspecies. A colourful bird, it has a black head with brown crown, white throat, greenish upper parts, buff underparts and reddish vent area. Its range extends from India to Malaysia and Indonesia. It is found in mangrove and Nypa fruticans forests where it feeds on crustaceans, mollusks and insects. Its call, sometimes rendered as wieuw-wieuw, is sung from a high perch on a mangrove tree.
Taxonomy
The mangrove pitta was first described by German
ornithologist Hermann Schlegel in 1863. Its species name is derived from the
Ancient Greek words
mega- "large", and
rhynchos "beak". It forms a
superspecies with the
Indian pitta (
P. brachyura),
fairy pitta (
P. nympha) and blue-winged pitta (
P. moluccensis). Alternate common names include: Larger blue-winged/Malay pitta, Brève des palétuviers (in French), Große Blauflügelpitta (in German), and Pita de Manglar (in Spanish). There are no recognized subspecies.
Description
Measuring in length, the mangrove pitta has a black head with a buff-coloured crown, white chin and buff underparts. The shoulders and mantle are greenish and the vent is reddish. Juveniles have similar patterned plumage but are duller. It resembles the blue-winged pitta but can be distinguished by its much heavier bill. Its call, transcribed as
wieuw-wieuw has been noted to be "more slurred" than the blue-winged pitta.
Distribution and habitat
The mangrove pitta is native to the countries of:
Bangladesh,
India,
Indonesia,
Malaysia,
Myanmar,
Singapore, and
Thailand (primarily the west coast of the southern Thai peninsula).
Its natural
habitat is specialised and restriction to subtropical or tropical
mangrove and
Nypa fruticans stands. It is threatened by
habitat loss. Its diet consists of
,
and terrestrial insects.
[
]
Behaviour
While all pittas are noted for being difficult to study and spot in the wild, the mangrove pitta is one of the easier ones to spot as it sits high up in mangrove trees and calls.[ A tape recording of its call will often bring it forth. It tends to be vocal while brooding but quiet at other times. A recent paper from Sunderbans Tiger Reserve reported swimming behavior of the species.]
Notes
Further reading
External links
